← All EvidenceProceduralTelegram Messages: Authentication and Refreshing Nicole’s Recollection
Digital Evidence
Telegram message screenshots that the defense offered as communications between the witness and the defendant
The defense offered Telegram screenshots as contemporaneous communications about an intimate relationship with Raniere, while the prosecution challenged authentication, completeness, and hearsay. The court found that the witness had not authenticated the collection and did not permit wholesale admission on the foundation presented, but allowed questions about particular messages to refresh recollection, with counsel bound by her answers.
About
The defense sought to use the screenshots to challenge the witness's description of her relationship with Raniere as reluctant.